This church was originally a small chapel built by Portuguese captain called Duarto Coelho in 1521 A.D. and called "Nosa Senhora - Our Lady of the Hill".
The chapel was handed over to the "Society of Jesus" in 1548 and enlarged in 1556 with the addition of a second storey and renamed "Annunciation". A tower was added in 1950.
When the Dutch took over Malacca from the Portuguese, they changed its name to St. Paul's Church and used it for 112 years until their own church, the Christ Church was completed in 1753.
St. Paul's Church lost its tower when the British took over but had one new feature added to it - the lighthouse at the front of the church.
The British however did not use the church for worship but used it for the storage of gunpowder. They also erected a tall flagpole and renamed the hill on which the church is sited to Flagstaff Hill (Bukit Bendera).
The name however did not last. The flagpole was later taken down and the church abandoned. Old tombstones found inside the ruins bear silent testimony to the final resting place of several Dutch and Portuguese nationals.
The reowned Spanish-born Jesuit missionary, St. Francis Xavier was a regular visitor to this church from 1545 to 1552 and when he died, his body was interred here for nine months before being exhumed and taken to his final resting place in Goa, India.
A statue of St. Francis was built in 1952 to commerate his passing and internment here. The St. Paul's Church ruins were gazetted as an old monument and historical site under the Antiquities Act No 168/1976 on 12th May 1977.
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